Mitral Stenosis Lesson

patient thorax when auscultating by stethoscope

patient position during auscultation
The patient was supine left side down during auscultation.

Description

This case presents an example of moderate mitral stenosis. The first heart sound is increased in intensity, while the second heart sound is normal and unsplit. A diamond-shaped low-frequency murmur follows the opening snap. There is a second murmur in late diastole caused by the contraction of the left atrium. Use the bell of the stethoscope to hear this murmur.

In the animation, observe the turbulent blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. Also, observe the moderately thickened mitral valve leaflets and the moderately enlarged left atrium.

This condition is most commonly due to rheumatic heart disease.

Phonocardiogram

Anatomy

Mitral Stenosis

In this animation observe the turbulent blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. You can see the moderately thickened mitral valve leaflets and the moderately enlarged left atrium. The excursion of the mitral valve leaflets is moderately decreased.
Authors and Sources

Authors and Reviewers

Sources

  • Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Library Diane S. Wrigley
    Publisher: PESI
  • Impact Patient Care: Key Physical Assessment Strategies and the Underlying Pathophysiology
    Diane S Wrigley & Rosale Lobo
  • Practical Clinical Skills: Lung Sounds
  • PESI Faculty - Diane S Wrigley
  • Case Profiles in Respiratory Care 3rd Ed, 2019
    William A.French
    Published by Delmar Cengage
  • Essential Lung Sounds by William A. French
    Published by Cengage Learning, 2011
  • Understanding Lung Sounds Steven Lehrer, MD
  • Clinical Heart Disease W Proctor Harvey, MD
    Clinical Heart Disease
    Laennec Publishing; 1st edition (January 1, 2009)
  • Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Guide
    PracticalClinicalSkills.com




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