Fixed Splitting S2 Lesson #669
The patient was supine during auscultation.
Description
This lesson and recording presents fixed splitting of the second heart sound. The S2 split is unchanged through inspiration and expiration at about sixty milliseconds.
Fixed S2 splitting is associated with acute pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary stenosis, and pulmonary emboli. Fixed splitting of the second heart sound along with murmurs can indicate the presence of an atrial septal defect, a congenital heart defect.
The murmurs have been eliminated in this recording so that you can concentrate on the fixed splitting of the second heart sound. In a later module you will hear the fixed splitting of S2 along with murmurs of atrial septal defect.
Phonocardiogram
Anatomy
Fixed Splitting S2
Authors and Sources
Authors and Reviewers
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Heart sounds by Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD and David Lieberman, Developer, Virtual Cardiac Patient.
- Lung sounds by Diane Wrigley, PA
- Respiratory cases: William French
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David Lieberman, Audio Engineering
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Heart sounds mentorship by W. Proctor Harvey, MD
- Special thanks for the medical mentorship of Dr. Raymond Murphy
- Reviewed by Dr. Barbara Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN.
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Last Update: 11/10/2021
Sources
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Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Library
Diane S. Wrigley
Publisher: PESI -
Impact Patient Care: Key Physical Assessment Strategies and the Underlying Pathophysiology
Diane S Wrigley & Rosale Lobo - Practical Clinical Skills: Lung Sounds
- Essential Lung Sounds
Diane S. Wrigley, PA-C
Published by MedEdu LLC - PESI Faculty - Diane S Wrigley
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Case Profiles in Respiratory Care 3rd Ed, 2019
William A.French
Published by Delmar Cengage - Essential Lung Sounds
by William A. French
Published by Cengage Learning, 2011 - Understanding Lung Sounds
Steven Lehrer, MD
- Clinical Heart Disease
W Proctor Harvey, MD
Clinical Heart Disease
Laennec Publishing; 1st edition (January 1, 2009) -
Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Guide
PracticalClinicalSkills.com
